Anas Zoology

  2. Life Processes in Living Organisms - Part I ✱ Energy from different food components: Various organ-systems perform their functions in human body. Digestive system, respiratory system, circulatory system, excretory system, nervous system. All these system require energy. Energy is obtained from food. Food contains nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats. For obtaining energy only nutrients are not sufficient, but oxygen is also necessary. All these foodstuff and oxygen are transported up to the cell via a circulatory system. 1. Carbohydrates: Sources of carbohydrates: Milk, fruits, jaggary, cane sugar, vegetables, potatoes, sweet meats and cereals like wheat, maize, ragi, jowar, millet, rice etc. 1 gm of carbohydrate = 4 Kcal of energy (Kcal = Kilocalorie) 2. Proteins: Sources of proteins: Pulses, egg, fish, chicken, mutton. Animal proteins are called 'first class'  protein. 1 gm protein = 4 Kcal of energy. Proteins are formed by amino acids. Hence on digestion, prote...

  Previous Year Questions: 1. Bulliform cells are responsible for                                                                                              (2024) A) Inward curling of leaves in monocot B) Protecting the plant from salt stress. C) Increased photosynthesis in monocots. D) Providing large space for storage of sugar. Ans. A - Inward curling of leaves in monocot. Explanation: In grasses certain adaxial epidermal cell along the veins modify themselves into large, empty, colorless cells. These are called bulliform cells. When the bulliform cells in the leaves have absorbed water and are turgid, the leaf surface is exposed. When they are flaccid due to water stress, they make the leaves curl inwards to minimize water loss. 2. In the given ...

Visit You tube channel for more MCQ's:  https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDI5O7VNvIby-Faq_ptLefw Previous Year Questions: 1. Spindle fibers attach to kinetochores of chromosomes during                                                (2024) 1) Prophase        2) Metaphase 3) Anaphase       4) Telophase Ans. 2 - Metaphase Explanation: The key feature of metaphase are: 1. Spindle fibers attach to kinetochores of chromosomes. 2. Chromosomes are moved to spindle equator and get aligned along metaphase plate through spindle fibers to both poles. 2. Given below are two statements:                                                                        ...

  Eukaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cell The cells which contain true nuclei are called eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are found in animals, plants, algae and fungi. They are larger in size as compared to prokaryotic cells. The cells may vary in shape, size and physiology but they all have a typical structure with little variations in number and location of cellular organelles. The eukaryotic cell have a outer covering membrane called plasma membrane / cell membrane. Inside the cell a membrane-bound nucleus is present. Between the nucleus and plasma membrane, cytoplasm is present in which various cellular organelles like mitochondria, golgi complex, centrioles etc can be seen. ✱ Shape: Eukaryotic cells exhibit diversity. They can be spherical, triangular, tubular, cuboidal, polygonal, cylindrical, oval, rounded or elongated. Shape of cells may vary from organ to organ. A single organ may show variations in shape of cell. ✱ Size: Eukaryotic cells are microscopic. They are larger in s...

Visit You tube channel for more MCQ's:  https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDI5O7VNvIby-Faq_ptLefw Previous Year Questions (PYQ's) 1. From the following statements,                                                                                         (DEC 2016) a) Hydrogen, Deuterium and Tritium differ in the number of protons. b) Hydrogen, Deuterium and Tritium differ in the number of neutrons. c) Both Deuterium and Tritium are radioactive and decay to hydrogen and deuterium respectively. d) Tritium is radioactive and decays to helium. e) Carbon-14 decays to Nitrogen-14. f) Carbon-14 decays to Carbon-13. Pick the combination with all correct statements. A) a, b and f      B) b, d and e C) a, c and d      D) c, e and f Ans. B - b,...

Visit You tube channel for more MCQ's:  https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDI5O7VNvIby-Faq_ptLefw Previous Year Questions: 1. Which of the following are required for the dark reaction of photosynthesis ?                    (2024)      A) Light      B) Chlorophyll      C) CO2      D) ATP      E) NADPH Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 1) A,B and C only      2) B,C and D only 3) C,D and E only      4) D and E only Ans. 3 - C,D and E only Explanation: Dark reaction of photosynthesis is also known as Calvin cycle. For every CO2 molecule entering the Calvin cycle, 3 molecules of ATP and 2 of NADPH are required. Hence CO2, ATP and NADPH are required for dark reaction of photosynthesis. 2. How many molecules of ATP and NADPH are required for every molecule of CO2 fixed in the Calvin cycle ? (2024) 1) 2 molecules of ...

  Visit You tube channel for more MCQ's:  https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDI5O7VNvIby-Faq_ptLefw Previous Year Question's 1. Lecithin, a small molecular weight organic compound found in living tissue is an example of:      (2024) 1) Amino acids     2) Phospholipids 3) Glycerides        4) Carbohydrates Ans. 4 - Phospholipids     Explanation: Some lipids have phosphorous and a phosphorylated organic compound in them. These are called phospholipids. Lecithin is one example.   2. The cofactor of the enzyme carboxypeptidase is:                                                                      (2024) 1) Zinc          2) Niacin 3) Flavin       4) Haem Ans. 1 - Zinc Explanation: Zinc is a cofa...

Mosses are non-flowering plants that typically form mats or cushion-shaped clumps. Despite their small size, they are remarkably resilient plants. They are able to grow in a wide range of habitats, from woodland to deserts, and are found on every continent including Antarctica. Mosses have thin leaves that usually spiral around slender, wiry stems, and they reproduce by scattering spores. Like liverworts, they need moist conditions to grow. They can be extremely abundant in habitats that are always damp, and some species - particularly sphagnum mosses - form extensive blankets, dominating the ground in cold parts of the world. Others, however, are able to remain dormant during droughts. They look grey and lifeless, but become green again within minutes if it rains. Mosses have a two stage life cycle - a feature shared by all other plants. In mosses, the dominant stage is the gametophyte, which produces male and female cells. After the female cells are fertilized, they produce the spore...

1.     Heredity and Evolution Introduction: Basic unit of life is cell. Controlling center of cell is nucleus. Inside nucleus there are chromosomes. Chromosomes are made up of DNA. Segment of DNA is called as gene. ✱ Heredity and Hereditary Changes: Heredity: Transfer of characters from one generation to another via genes. Johann Gregor Mendel - Father of modern genetics. Hugo de Vries - Mutation Theory (1901). Walter and Sutton - Observed paired chromosomes in cells of grasshopper. Ostwald Avery, Maclyn McCarthy and Colin MacLeod - Except viruses, all living organisms have DNA as genetic material (1944). Francois Jacob and Jack Monad - Proposed a model for process of protein synthesis. Science of heredity is useful for: Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of hereditary disorders. Production of hybrid varieties of animals and plants. In industrial processes in which microbes are used. ✱ Structure of DNA (Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid) Chromosomes are made up of DNA. Chromosomes are a...