Anas Zoology

Practice Paper: Life Processes in Living Organisms I Marks: 20     Q1. Choose the correct option: (5)       1. Conversion of into glucose, occurs through the process of __________. A) Glycolysis                                B) Krebs Cycle C) Electron Transfer Chain           D) Gluconeogenesis   2.   Process of glycolysis occurs in __________. A) Mitochondria           B) Nucleus C) Cytoplasm                D) Lysosomes   3. Among the ...

Practice Paper: Heredity and Evolution Marks: 20 Q1. Choose the correct option: (5)       1. Father of modern genetics is __________ A) Johann Gregor Mendel   B) Hugo de Vries C) Walter and Sutton D) Francois Jacob and Jack Monad     2. The process of making proteins using mRNA is called as ________ A) Transcription           B) Translation C) Replication              D) None of the above        3. Among the list of following organs, which organ is an example of vestigial organ A) Heart           B) Appendix C) Liver           D) Lungs   ...

  2. Life Processes in Living Organisms - Part I ✱ Energy from different food components: Various organ-systems perform their functions in human body. Digestive system, respiratory system, circulatory system, excretory system, nervous system. All these system require energy. Energy is obtained from food. Food contains nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats. For obtaining energy only nutrients are not sufficient, but oxygen is also necessary. All these foodstuff and oxygen are transported up to the cell via a circulatory system. 1. Carbohydrates: Sources of carbohydrates: Milk, fruits, jaggary, cane sugar, vegetables, potatoes, sweet meats and cereals like wheat, maize, ragi, jowar, millet, rice etc. 1 gm of carbohydrate = 4 Kcal of energy (Kcal = Kilocalorie) 2. Proteins: Sources of proteins: Pulses, egg, fish, chicken, mutton. Animal proteins are called 'first class'  protein. 1 gm protein = 4 Kcal of energy. Proteins are formed by amino acids. Hence on digestion, prote...

1.     Heredity and Evolution Introduction: Basic unit of life is cell. Controlling center of cell is nucleus. Inside nucleus there are chromosomes. Chromosomes are made up of DNA. Segment of DNA is called as gene. ✱ Heredity and Hereditary Changes: Heredity: Transfer of characters from one generation to another via genes. Johann Gregor Mendel - Father of modern genetics. Hugo de Vries - Mutation Theory (1901). Walter and Sutton - Observed paired chromosomes in cells of grasshopper. Ostwald Avery, Maclyn McCarthy and Colin MacLeod - Except viruses, all living organisms have DNA as genetic material (1944). Francois Jacob and Jack Monad - Proposed a model for process of protein synthesis. Science of heredity is useful for: Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of hereditary disorders. Production of hybrid varieties of animals and plants. In industrial processes in which microbes are used. ✱ Structure of DNA (Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid) Chromosomes are made up of DNA. Chromosomes are a...